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Insert data into MYSQL database using PHP (PDO) and JQUERY.ajax()

hirendra pratap singh 2:00 AM
We are going to learn how to insert data into MYSQL database using PDO (PHP Data Objects) and JQUERY.ajax(). Whole process will be shown step by step with all code presented.
Let’s start with connection to database. One of advantages of using PDO is that it enables uniform access across multiple databases. It allows seamless switching between different platforms and databases and it is done by changing the connection string. For this practice , we created database named ‘test_database’ and below is connection.php
<?php
define ("DSN","mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test_database");
define ("USERNAME","test");
define ("PASSWORD","test");
$options = array(PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT =>true);
try{
$conn = new PDO (DSN,USERNAME,PASSWORD,$options);
$conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE,PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
echo "Connection succesfull";
} catch (PDOException $ex) {
// only during production
//echo "A database connection error occured ".$ex->getMessage();
echo "A database connection error occured ";
}
?>
Once connection is established we can proceed with creating table which we will be using for this exercise. Name of the table is ‘contacts’. Below is create_table.php
 <?php
include_once 'connection.php';

$table = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS contacts (
 id INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
 name VARCHAR (25) NOT NULL,
 surname VARCHAR (35) NOT NULL,
 email VARCHAR (50) NOT NULL,
 reg_date TIMESTAMP
 )";
try{ 
 $conn->query($table);
 echo "<br> Table 'contacts' created";
} catch (PDOException $ex) { 
 echo "<br> An error occured ".$ex->getMessage();
}
?>
Now, we will make form for entering data into database. For this exercise we will use Bootstrap (http://v4-alpha.getbootstrap.com/getting-started/introduction/#starter-template) to design index.php
 <!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
 <head>
 <meta charset="utf-8">
 <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
 <!-- The above 3 meta tags *must* come first in the head; any other head content must come *after* these tags -->
 <title>Form : insert contact </title>
 <!-- Bootstrap -->
 <!-- Latest compiled and minified CSS -->
 <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">
 <!-- HTML5 shim and Respond.js for IE8 support of HTML5 elements and media queries -->
 <!-- WARNING: Respond.js doesn't work if you view the page via file:// -->
 <!--[if lt IE 9]>
 <script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
 <script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/respond/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
 <![endif]--> 
 <link href="style.css" rel="stylesheet">
 </head>
 <body> 
 <div class="container"> 
 <h1>Insert form</h1>
 <br>
 <form id="insert_contact" action="insert.php" method="post">

 <div class="form-group">
 <label for="name">Name:</label>
 <input name="name" type="text" class="form-control" id="name" placeholder="">
 </div>
 <div class="form-group">
 <label for="surname">Surname:</label>
 <input name="surname" type="text" class="form-control" id="surname" placeholder="">
 </div>
 <div class="form-group">
 <label for="email">Email:</label>
 <input name="email" type="email" class="form-control" id="email" placeholder="">
 </div>
 <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Submit</button>
 </form>
 </div>
 <br>
 <br>
 <div id="alert_msg" class=" container alert alert-success"></div>

 <!-- jQuery (necessary for Bootstrap's JavaScript plugins) -->
 <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
 <!-- Include all compiled plugins (below), or include individual files as needed -->
 <script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-Tc5IQib027qvyjSMfHjOMaLkfuWVxZxUPnCJA7l2mCWNIpG9mGCD8wGNIcPD7Txa" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
 <script src="insert.js"></script>
 </body>
</html>
When you run above index.php ‘div’ for alert message will be apear on open and we don’t want this to happen. To avoid this we use some css : style.css
 #alert_msg{
 text-align: center;
 border-radius: 2px;
 display: none;
 }
Main advantage od PDO is protection from SQL injection because user input does not reach database directly:insert.php
 <?php
include_once 'connection.php';

if (isset($_POST['name']) && isset($_POST['surname'])){ 
 $name = $_POST['name'];
 $surname = $_POST['surname'];
 $email = $_POST['email'];
 
try {
 $insertQuery = "INSERT INTO contacts (name, surname, email)
 VALUES (:name,:surname,:email)";
 $statement = $conn->prepare($insertQuery);
 $statement->execute(array(":name"=>$name, ":surname"=>$surname, ":email"=>$email));
 
if($statement){
 echo "Records inserted into database";
 }
}catch (PDOException $ex){ 
 echo "A problem occured :" .$ex->getMessage();
} 
} 
?>
We could submit form using only insert.php but I prefer to avoid to submit without refreshing the page so I suggest to use $.ajax . Below is insert.js
 $(document).ready(function () {
 $('#insert_contact').submit(function (event) {
 event.preventDefault();
 var form = $(this);
 var formData = form.serialize();
 $.ajax({
 url: 'insert.php',
 method: 'POST',
 data: formData,
 success: function (data) { 
 $('#alert_msg').css("display", "block").delay(3000).slideUp(300).html(data);
 $("#insert_contact")[0].reset();
 }
 });
 });
});
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